Structural design

Complex engineering solutions from concept to construction and fabrication drawings.

Structural analysis, optimisation and detailed 3D processing of industrial, technological, public and bespoke structures.

We treat a structure not as a series of separate elements, but as a single system. The structural system, the connections, the foundation, fabrication and erection are coordinated from the very start of the design.

Our goal is a structure that is safe and economical, can be fabricated and erected, and fits the technological and architectural requirements — design is not merely calculation, but complete engineering thinking.

Structural analysis

Construction drawings

Fabrication design

BIM modelling

Key specialities

Industrial & technological structures

Steel and reinforced concrete structures serving machine lines: platforms, walkways, stair towers, pipe bridges, technological frames and bespoke equipment supports.

Steel structures

Halls, spatial frames, lattice girders, cladding-support steelwork, and welded and bolted connections.

Cladding-support systems

Design of façade and roof cladding sub-frames, brackets, purlins, secondary steelwork and fixing details.

Reinforced concrete structures

Cast-in-place and precast structures, slabs, walls, foundation blocks, tanks, retaining walls, industrial floors and bespoke concrete structures.

Silos & tanks

Shell structures, stiffening, anchoring, filling-induced loads, stability, seismic effects, overpressure and process loads.

Machine foundations & heavy-duty bases

Static and dynamic machine loads, large-mass concrete bases, anchoring, vibration requirements, stiffness and crack checks.

Solar mounting structures

Ground-mounted and building-mounted PV support structures, anchoring, wind loads and buildability details.

Assessment of existing structures

Alteration, extension, load increase, strengthening, damage assessment, retention and inspection documentation.

Railway & road structures

Signal gantries, maintenance walkways, bridge-like steel structures, railings, stairs, connections and foundation interfaces.

Engineering analyses

  • Spatial structural modelling
  • First- and second-order analysis
  • Global stability analysis
  • Buckling and lateral-torsional buckling checks
  • Plate, shell and solid finite element models
  • Geometric and material nonlinearity
  • Seismic design
  • Dynamic and vibration analyses
  • Fatigue checks
  • Structural analysis under fire
  • Checking of erection and temporary states
  • Local connection and stress analysis

Point-cloud site survey

A reliable structural model starts from the real, existing condition. For existing structures we can, where needed, produce a detailed point cloud by laser scanning, LiDAR or photogrammetry — then fit the analytical and fabrication model onto it (scan-to-BIM).

On-site 3D survey – textured point cloud of an industrial hall
Textured point cloud of an existing industrial space — real “as-built” geometry

The survey captures the actual geometry of the existing structure — wall planes, openings, building services, connecting elements and deformations together. Design is then based on measured reality, not assumptions.

  • On-site scanning, LiDAR or photogrammetry on demand (point cloud)
  • Analytical and fabrication model fitted to the point cloud
  • Clash detection between existing and new structures
  • Early detection of dimensional deviations and deformations
  • Minimised fabrication risk from survey errors
Detailed survey of pipe penetrations
Rich detail

Every detail from site

Real positions of openings, pipe penetrations and connections — with no detail left out.

BIM model fitted to a point cloud
Scan-to-BIM

Model on the point cloud

We fit the structural model onto the measured point cloud, designing precisely to the real environment.

Mark-up and coordination on the model
Collaboration

Mark-up and coordination

We mark changes directly on the model, speeding up coordination with the contractor and the client.

From the model to a fabrication-ready package

The global structural model, connection checking, BIM coordination and the construction/fabrication documentation are all part of one process. The goal is not to produce separate drawings, but a design package that is calculable, verifiable, manufacturable and clearly erectable on site.

Global structural model
Analytical model

Global behaviour

Stiffness, stability, load path and second-order effects checked across the whole structure.

Member and connection design
Connection

Member & connection design

Detailed checking of plates, stiffeners, bolted and welded connections.

Steel fabrication drawing
Fabrication drawing

Steelwork documentation

Positions, holes, profiles, weld preparations, bolt and material schedules.

Industrial technological layout
Coordination

Industrial layout

Coordination of technological elements, discipline requirements and structural connections.

Foundation reinforcement drawing
Reinforced concrete

Foundation & reinforcement

Foundation blocks, anchoring, reinforcement layout and construction details.

Formwork and geometry drawing
Construction drawing

Geometry & details

Formwork, section and geometry drawings for clear guidance of the construction works.

BIM coordination IFC data exchange Clash detection Part & erection drawings Bolt & material schedules NC data

Design and construction support of cladding-support systems

Behind the visible cladding there is always a structural system at work: sub-frame, bracket, fixing, thermal movement joint, load transfer to the substrate and a buildable connection. We do not treat these as templates, but tailor them to the building geometry, the cladding material and the erection sequence.

Design of a façade cladding sub-frame
Layout, sub-frames and connection system of a façade cladding-support system
Cladding sub-frames

Structure behind stone, porcelain, aluminium composite and bespoke cladding

For stone cladding, porcelain panels, aluminium composite panels (e.g. Alucobond), sheet-metal cladding, louvres and the special claddings of transport spaces, the fixing, the back-up structure and the movement joints are at least as important as the visible surface itself.

  • Design of sub-frames, brackets, purlins and fixing points
  • Wind load, self-weight, thermal movement and substrate load transfer
  • Back-up structure for stone, porcelain, composite and sheet-metal cladding
  • Cladding supports for metro, tunnel and transport spaces
  • Connections of curved, inclined and complex geometries
  • Construction and fabrication details, construction support
Structure of stone and louvre façade cladding
Façade

Stone & louvre façade cladding

Fixing of heavy panels and louvres: brackets, supports, plane control, joint detailing and buildability.

Connection detail of a cladding-support system
Connection

Fixing & movement details

Thermal movement, tolerances, water-tightness and structural connections handled together.

Structural model of a cladding-support system
Analytical model

Sub-frame & fixing system

Checking of load path, deflection, connection forces and substrate reactions.

Metro station cladding and tunnel transition
Transport spaces

Metro claddings

Cladding-support detailing for platforms, tunnels, curved surfaces and densely fitted spaces.

Metro claddings

Structural background of metro-station and tunnel claddings

In transport spaces the cladding-support system is not only an aesthetic question: vibration, maintainability, fire-protection and operational requirements, the tight erection tolerances, and the curved or articulated tunnel geometry together determine the solution.

  • Design of the fixing system for platform and tunnel-wall claddings
  • Curved surfaces, bespoke panel layouts and concealed sub-frames
  • Operational access, demountability, maintenance and erection sequence considered
  • Support for detail drawings, sections, connections and contractor coordination

Road & railway structures

In a transport environment a structure does not stand alone: dynamic effects, operational constraints, maintainability, buildability and a precise connection to the existing infrastructure all have to be taken into account.

Detail of a railway or road operational steel structure Transport steel structure with walkway and ladder
Transport structures

Signal gantries, maintenance walkways, bridge-like steel frames and related detail structures

For railway and road facilities the design ranges from global load-bearing capacity to bolted and welded connections. The goal is a safe, manufacturable, erectable and long-term sustainable structural solution.

  • Signal gantries, support frames, maintenance walkways and operating levels
  • Railings, stairs, ladders, grating surfaces and maintenance access
  • Foundation interfaces, anchoring and erection states
  • Fabrication drawings, connection details, bolt and material schedules
Detail drawing of a railway or road structure
Detailed design

Connections & cross-sections

Connections, stiffeners, walking surfaces and site interfaces worked out at drawing level.

Structural model of a road or railway structure
Analytical model

Load path & foundation interface

Global behaviour, supports, soil interface and erection states checked.

Fabrication drawing of a railway or road steel structure
Fabrication drawing

Manufacturable steel documentation

Positions, holes, plates, welds, bolting and material schedules in a tidy design package.

Design process

1

Requirements & input data

2

Structural concept

3

Load analysis

4

Analytical model & design

5

Optimisation & discipline coordination

6

Construction / fabrication design

7

Fabrication & construction support

Why S-CAD?

One integrated structural view

We handle the global behaviour, the details, the connections and buildability together.

Manufacturable & erectable solutions

Beyond analytical compliance, we also consider fabrication operations, transport and on-site erection.

Detailed 3D processing

The models are the basis of coordination, checking, fabrication and change tracking.

Engineering support through to delivery

Where needed, we also take part in fabricator, contractor and on-site coordination.

Looking for an engineer for a complex structural task?

Send us the available plans, models and technical requirements. After reviewing the task we will propose the design scope and the way we can work together.

Request a quote